Sunday 8th July 2007TRINITY V
The Venerable the Archdeacon of Charing Cross, Dr Bill Jacob
Isaiah 66 : 10 – 14 ; Galatians 6 : 1 – 16 ; Luke 10 : 1 - 11 & 16 - 20
It is difficult to make sense of a book, or of an author’s intention, if one just reads selected passages from it. that is as true of the Christian sacred texts – the New Testament, as is of a novel or a biography. Without a sense of the narrative context, or of the story line, there is a great risk that one fails to make sense of a passage, or to get a proper impression of its significance. None of us would hope to make sense of a novel or a biography of a person by reading apparently randomly chosen selections from various chapters, taking no account of their sequence.
Being a Christian was not, and is not, a comfortable option. As we heard in this morning’s gospel reading, strategic planning, and well planned action is required to forward God’s Kingdom.
This, however is what we do with Sunday readings in church from the
New Testament. I would like to think that you are all so deeply
familiar with, for example S Luke’s Gospel that you would be
immediately able to put into context the account we read this morning
of Jesus sending out seventy disciples, in pairs, to prepare for
Jesus’ arrival in the places which he was proposing to
visit. Just in case not everyone is very
familiar with the works
of S Luke, I will sketch in the background. Luke’s Gospel begins
with announcements, of the births of John the Baptist, and of Jesus,
and then accounts of their respective births, an account of John the
Baptist’s activities, and of Jesus’ preparation for his
work, and then an account of Jesus activities in Galilee. These end
with the account of a falling out among Jesus followers about
leadership – who is the greatest among them, and membership of
the group, and who may act on behalf of Jesus. After this, Jesus set
his face to go to Jerusalem to meet his fate, leading his followers out
of their home comfort zones, and challenging their commitment to him
over against their loyalty to their families.
And now comes the episode we heard about in this morning’s
gospel. S Luke describes Jesus commissioning seventy of his followers
to go ahead of him, in pairs, to announce his coming, in terms which
recall the terms used by the angels to announce and greet Jesus birth.
It needs to be remembered that S Luke is not just writing an account of
Jesus’ life. He is the author of two volumes in the New Testament
– the Gospel which bears his name, and the Acts of the Apostles.
In these two volumes, he is concerned not jus to give us a biography of
Jesus and the history of the early Church. He is concerned to show to
his readers and hearers – both those who first heard his two
books read aloud in worship in the latter years of the first century,
and us, the significance of Jesus’ life and how closely it is
linked with the corporate life of his followers who are the Church of
God.
As Jesus is described here, sending out his followers in pairs, so in
the Acts of the Apostles people go off in pairs to preach the gospel
– Paul and Barnabas, and after they fall out, Paul and Silas and
Barnabas and John Mark. They even sometimes went in pairs of a man and
a woman, as S Paul describes Andronicus and Julia in his letter to the
Christians in Rome. As Jesus is described telling them to eat what was
put in front of them, so in the Acts of the Apostles S Peter is
described having a vision indicating that all foods are acceptable for
followers of Christ to eat.
Luke is setting out to demonstrate that there is a very close
relationship between the life of Jesus, and the life of the Church,
that the activities of the first generation of Christians, as he
describes them in the Acts of the Apostles, are implicitly foretold and
prefigured in the words and actions of Jesus. In doing this he is
claiming that Jesus’ followers are more than just
‘followers’. They, as we hear on their return from their
missionary expedition, were able to act ‘in Jesus’
name’, and S Luke goes on to enumerate what the seventy, acting
in Jesus’ name were able to do. They were enables, as were later,
Peter, Barnabas, Paul and the rest in the Acts of the Apostles, to
triumph, through conflicts, over evil. They are more than followers. S
Luke is pointing out to the congregations for whom he was writing, they
are even more than ‘Christ’s agents’; they are his
body, through which his deeds are worked, continuing his mission,
beyond his earthly life.
S Luke, in the Acts of the Apostles. S Paul in his Letters, and all the
New Testament writers have a very high view of the community of
Christians as, collectively and corporately, being the body of Christ,
Christ’s continuing presence in the world, speaking and acting in
his name. Their emphasis is on a corporate activity, particularly
focussed on the realisation of Christ’s presence among them as
they broke bread together, as he had, at the Last Supper and at the
meals after the resurrection, and as they continued to do, and we
continue in the Mass, but also expressed in every aspect of their
corporate life. Being a Christian is not an individualistic activity.
The New Testament writers show people acting together, in pairs –
as S Luke describes Jesus sending out the seventy disciples.
Nor are they dewy-eyed about the complexities of working together. The
immediate context of today’s account of the sending out of the
seventy was a dispute among the followers about who was the greatest
among them. S Luke and S Paul show that rows and disputes were endemic
among the first generations of Christians, and so they have continued
to be in the life of the Church. The disputes and tensions in
today’s Church are not uncharacteristic. They happen both at the
macro-level of the Church, and, of course, as we all know well, at the
micro-level of congregations. People trying to do their best in
Christ’s name, and to lead where they believe Christ wants other
people to go, can often behave very eccentrically and even badly. We
all have experience of that, but, have seen that reconciliation and new
growth is possible.
Being the body of Christ in the midst of the world was not easy for the
rich people and slaves and servants for whom Luke wrote his Gospel and
the Acts of the Apostles, as it is not for us. The acts of the Apostles
describes disputes between Paul and Barnabas, between Peter and
James the Lord’s brother, and between the Jerusalem church led by
James and Paul about Paul’s mission to non-Jews. S Paul in his
letters is regularly reacting to disputes between people like James the
Lord’s brother, who emphasised that Christianity was a Jewish
phenomenon and that the Jewish Law must be observed, and S Paul, who
emphasised that salvation in Christ is available for everyone, and that
the Jewish regulations do not need to be observed to receive salvation
and to be part of the body of Christ.
From our perspective one of the more surprising strategies S Paul used
to try to reconcile this divide was an expression of practical charity.
What better way to show solidarity in the Church, and mutual love
between Christians than financial supprt for one another, and
especially for the richer gentile Christians in Macedonia and Corinth
to raise funds for the poorer Jewish Christians in Jerusalem and Judea.
S Paul’s letters to the congregations in Corinth and Rome have
much to say about this project.
The New Testament books, and especially SLuke’s two volumes are
not just collections of stories about Jesus and his followers, and
mines for Christian doctrine. They were written with the purpose of
building up bodies of believers, illustrating the joy and liberation
that the love of God, shown forth in Jesus, can bring in the lives of
individuals and groups, and encourage people to share that good news,
often against the odds. The New Testament writers don’t dodge the
demands that taking God’s love seriously makes – busy lives
were revolutionised and redirected – fishing businesses had to be
abandoned, service in the Temple authorities’ enforcement agency
had to be given up. New demands were made on people’s lives in
serving the good news of the Gospel. Often it was not comfortable.
Being a Christian was not, and is not, a comfortable option. As we
heard in this morning’s gospel reading, strategic planning, and
well planned action is required to forward God’s Kingdom. It is
collaborative activity – people went out two by two, not one
person pushing to dominate or control, for it is the body of Christ
that is being built up through us. As S Luke regularly point out in his
second volume, the Acts of the Apostles, and S Paul regularly points
out, it is not just individual Christians, but groups of Christians
– congregations and churches – who need to collaborate and
to support one another, so that the whole church can witness to the
love of God working out in the world, continuing Christ’s work in
the world.
Rather surprisingly the New Testament writings give a pretty good steer
on what congregations and churches should be like even in the
twenty-first century. The spiritual has to be worked out in the
practical. It is hardly surprising, for God was very practical in the
incarnation. For the love of god to be lived out practically we have to
learn to work together to plan together, drawing on all our abilities
and experiences. We need to behave as though we belong, as well as
believing., and as S Paul emphasises to the disputatious congregations
in Corinth, part of our demonstration of belonging to the body of
Christ is very practical, contributing financially to the rest of the
Church, especially for the support of poorer congregations.
Twenty-first century congregations need to take these practicalities
seriously as they work out together how they belong to the body of
Christ, and are ambassadors for Christ in the footsteps of the pairs
sent out by Jesus.